#: locale=en ## Tour ### Description ### Title tour.name = Grane Mill, Haslingden ## Skin ### Tab Panel TabPanelPage_DD268F69_CD7F_260A_41E7_CA0A2F4DA943.label = Yards TabPanelPage_DD26FF69_CD7F_260A_41CF_480D7E18C885.label = Power Plant TabPanelPage_DF382BA3_D1E0_7F26_41E2_9D3764F237FE.label = Yards TabPanelPage_DF388BA3_D1E0_7F26_41C0_E523404B80CD.label = Engineering TabPanelPage_DF389BA3_D1E0_7F26_41C5_31A143FD34E3.label = Power Plant TabPanelPage_E227881F_CF53_2A06_41D2_648F0BD778C2.label = Engineering ### Tooltip IconButton_138AC8EB_1C81_A718_41B9_C0E861AF42F4.toolTip = Fullscreen IconButton_138AC8EB_1C81_A718_41B9_C0E861AF42F4_mobile.toolTip = Fullscreen ## Media ### Description album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_1.description = Tacklers benches decorated for celebrations. The two biggest of note were the coronation of king George V in 1911, and the 21 year anniversary of the company in 1928 album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_10.description = The football team of 1934, presented outside the despatch door next to the Mill Manager’s Office and Board Room. \ \ album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_12.description = This photo was taken just before the Great War (1914 - 1918). It shows thousands of warp ends being wound off creel bobbins onto warpers beams, ready for tape sizing onto weavers beams ready for looming. \ \ album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_15.description = 1979 and the end of production. The photo shows some dobby looms for complex weaves. album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_18.description = This photo was taken sometime in the 1950s, showing weaving on Willan and Mills roller-top undertwill looms. album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_19.description = This photo was taken some time in the 1960s. The people of Grane Mill still like a party. album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_2.description = 1928 - Grane Mill hits 21, and comes of age. This is the winding room team. album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_5.description = The weavers celebrate the coronation of king George V in 1911 album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_8.description = Experienced Drawers-in sitting at their looming frames each assisted by a young Reacher-in (standing). album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_0.description = Aerial shot of Grane Mill, c.2020, showing chimney, engine house and remaining warehouse building. album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_1.description = The chimney and general office, seen from the yard, against a night sky. album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_2.description = The chimney-top, seen from the yard c. 2020 album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_3.description = The general office clock, seen from the yard, c. 2020 album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_4.description = The engine house, seen from the warehouse roof, c 2020 album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_5.description = The engine house, seen from the warehouse roof c. 2020 album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_6.description = Aerial shot of Grane Mill warehouse c. 2020, showing north lights album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_7.description = Aerial shot of Grane Mill warehouse c. 2020, showing north lights album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_8.description = The warehouse north lights, detail c. 2020 album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_0.description = A Perpetual Desk Calendar, advertising the capability of the Grane Manufacturing Co Ltd., its cloths, looms and canteen facilities. album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_1.description = Directors of the Grane Manufacturing Co. Ltd., in 1928 album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_2.description = 'Presented to Mr Alexander Fearful, by the directors and shareholders, The Grane Manufacturing Co, Ltd. In appreciation of 50 years service as a director of the company.' album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_3.description = A wartime order on 20 Dec 1940 for very fine warps, 4438 ends in 42 count yarn of 10875 yds (circa 6 miles) length. That would have kept 12 looms fully occupied for a month. \ While the fibre is not stated, if rayon, this would have made a lot of parachutes! \ album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_4.description = The general office, in the 1920s - gas lit. album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22_0.description = This is the engine as it was in the 1930s - with engine tenter Billy Talbot, and fire-beater Jim Jacks. album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22_1.description = 1974. Engineer Harry Swindell is custodian of this beautful engine. album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22_2.description = 1907 - these men have just completed the commissioning of the new engine. album_EDEE676B_F2EE_AC52_41ED_15BED30695FA_0.description = Here's an exerpt from Jamieson's Elementary Manual on Heat Engines - showing the hot gas flow. album_EDEE676B_F2EE_AC52_41ED_15BED30695FA_1.description = Here's a Lancashire boiler tank. The furnaces are at the front, and the firetube runs through to an opening in the back. The brick wall around the tank then forms the rest of the flue, guiding the hot gasses around the bottom and sides of the tank. album_EDEE676B_F2EE_AC52_41ED_15BED30695FA_2.description = An engineering drawing, showing a tapering fire tube to funnel and speed the flow of the hot gasses. photo_56F8BE4D_121D_9C56_4183_01538200D831.description = The Grane Mill weavers are seen here, working on 1880's Willan and Mill looms. The looms were already 20 years old when they were moved from Heap Clough Mill to the new mill at Longshoot, which means they wove cloth for over 100 years continuously. That means about a million miles of cloth! photo_56F8BE4D_121D_9C56_4183_01538200D831.description = The Grane Mill weavers are seen here, working on 1880's Willan and Mill looms. The looms were already 20 years old when they were moved from Heap Clough Mill to the new mill at Longshoot, which means they wove cloth for over 100 years continuously. That means about a million miles of cloth! photo_B1071764_0FE6_AC56_4170_24395A5C7D1E.description = Cutaway drawing, showing how the brick walls make up the flue. photo_B1071764_0FE6_AC56_4170_24395A5C7D1E.description = Cutaway drawing, showing how the brick walls make up the flue. photo_E0ABAB4D_F2ED_A456_41E8_9EAD1830CF34.description = This example of a Lancashire boiler can be found at the Queen Street Mill, Burnley, UK. Image attribution: Clem Rutter, Wikimedia Commons photo_E0ABAB4D_F2ED_A456_41E8_9EAD1830CF34.description = This example of a Lancashire boiler can be found at the Queen Street Mill, Burnley, UK. Image attribution: Clem Rutter, Wikimedia Commons ### Subtitle album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D.subtitle = Placed centrally in the mill, the office saw everything; people and goods as they came in and out. The mill was a thriving community for all that. Everyone stayed; it wasn't unusual for somone to spend their whole working life here. panorama_A4B9FF7E_ADDA_4E4E_41E0_5822994F4CAF.subtitle = Parts which can't be sourced often get created right here. ### Title album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86.label = Weavers album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_1.label = Grane Mill: 1911 and 1928 celebrations album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_10.label = Grane Mill: Football team album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_12.label = Grane Mill: Beaming Department album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_15.label = Grane Mill: Woven out album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_18.label = Grane Mill: Weaving shed album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_19.label = Grane Mill: Celebrations album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_2.label = Grane Mill: Celebrations album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_5.label = Grane Mill: Celebrations album_3C4AF377_1265_6432_4181_A30A6736AE86_8.label = Grane Mill: Drawers-in album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0.label = Buildings album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_0.label = Grane Mill: Aerial album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_1.label = Grane Mill album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_2.label = Grane Mill: Chimney album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_3.label = Grane Mill: Clock album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_4.label = Grane Mill: Engine house album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_5.label = Grane Mill: Engine House album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_6.label = Grane Mill: Aerial album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_7.label = Grane Mill: Aerial album_3E4205D4_1265_6C76_4131_324008D440C0_8.label = Grane Mill: Warehouse album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D.label = The Office album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_0.label = Grane Mill: Perpetual Desk Calendar album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_1.label = Grane Mill: Directors, 1928 album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_2.label = Grane Mill: Mr Fearful's pocket watch album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_3.label = Grane Mill: Order: 1940 album_3EEC679F_123E_ECF2_4168_36860EB5422D_4.label = Grane Mill: General Office album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22.label = Enginers album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22_0.label = Grane Mill, Stott Engine: 1930 album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22_1.label = Grane Mill: Stott Engine, 1974 album_3F0B16B5_123D_AC36_417D_55A0A2756E22_2.label = Grane Mill: Stott Engine Commissioning album_7890F7A3_161E_ECD2_4190_A8B04DA6AE74.label = Intro album_7890F7A3_161E_ECD2_4190_A8B04DA6AE74_1.label = Grane Mill, 2020 album_7890F7A3_161E_ECD2_4190_A8B04DA6AE74_10.label = Grane Mill: Weavers, c 1920 album_7890F7A3_161E_ECD2_4190_A8B04DA6AE74_11.label = Grane Mill, Stott Engine., c 1929 album_7890F7A3_161E_ECD2_4190_A8B04DA6AE74_12.label = Grane Mill: Stott Engine, 2020 album_7890F7A3_161E_ECD2_4190_A8B04DA6AE74_13.label = Grane Mill: Lancashire boiler arrival, 1911 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Detail album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_1.label = Detail: Alice album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_10.label = Detail: Alice connecting rod 2 album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_12.label = Detail: Pressure gauges album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_2.label = Detail: Alice 2 album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_3.label = Detail: Alice connecting rod 2 album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_4.label = Detail: Flywheel: Alice's side album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_5.label = Detail: Governor album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_6.label = Detail: Flywheel: Alice's side album_A2EF1F66_AFEC_4E5E_41C5_DAFC791B782C_7.label = Detail: Flywheel positioning album_A49F69E1_AFBC_D252_41DD_C95F61A2DD7F.label = Chimney album_A49F69E1_AFBC_D252_41DD_C95F61A2DD7F_0.label = Chimney: Plaque album_A49F69E1_AFBC_D252_41DD_C95F61A2DD7F_5.label = Chimney: With water tank album_A54C046F_AFA4_322E_41D7_1580C502E962.label = Condenser 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map_D4740119_CED3_1A0A_41CA_93465C8101E7.label = grane_mill_haslingden_5 map_E3D4CF27_CF53_2606_41DC_FDE466C8CF34.label = grane_mill_haslingden_4 panorama_A311FB47_AE2B_D7BE_41D1_69496D885F3C.label = Front Yard panorama_A31299CF_AE2A_524E_41DD_C670C26C60AF.label = Front Yard: Despatch Bay panorama_A32BA32D_AE2B_D7F2_41DC_B3AC2B386181.label = Grane Mill: Front Gate panorama_A4B70C42_ADDA_71B6_41E5_B199D730B20F.label = Front Yard: Ladder 1 panorama_A4B71050_ADDA_B252_41E1_BBB34756A551.label = Front Yard: Ladder 3 panorama_A4B72658_ADDA_5E52_41E3_7498BB2BEB4E.label = Front Yard: Ladder 2 panorama_A4B72D59_ADDA_D252_419B_98F4EDE11D5A.label = Weaving Shed: Roof: North lights panorama_A4B754AB_ADDB_B2F6_4195_1025C776B289.label = Side Yard: Boardroom 2 panorama_A4B77823_ADDA_51F6_41E0_FA7E118E6872.label = Front Yard: Outward loading bay and ladder panorama_A4B7C70F_ADDF_DFCE_41D7_6C123AA2B386.label = Alice and Hilda panorama_A4B802E3_ADDA_F676_41E2_0FB8C8C33EA5.label = Alcove panorama_A4B80569_ADDA_5275_41E2_16FADF0E1EE1.label = Boilerhouse: Boiler 2 panorama_A4B80CA6_ADDA_F2FE_419D_36580D6CDFAE.label = Boilerhouse: Entrance panorama_A4B81EB7_ADDA_CEDE_41D9_2EE1DD3886E3.label = Boilerhouse Lean-to workshop: Entrance panorama_A4B829AC_ADDA_52F2_41B9_4EDBEB5947CF.label = Boiler house snick panorama_A4B82C29_ADDE_51F2_41D6_D025F05E4DE8.label = Hilda: High pressure piston panorama_A4B840A8_ADDA_52F2_41E5_6CD819D9FA72.label = Chimney: Damper and fan panorama_A4B84B13_ADDA_57D6_41DE_352EFAFDB0F0.label = Chimney 3 panorama_A4B84B28_ADDE_77F2_41BC_2314115CA0D2.label = Entrance: Undercroft repair shop panorama_A4B84DF2_ADDE_5256_41DB_BB66E002FB5A.label = Flywheel: Starting motor panorama_A4B84F86_ADDA_4EBE_41D7_772FAF161198.label = Chimney 1 panorama_A4B8557D_ADDA_724D_41E2_812FF025FCDC.label = Chimney 2 panorama_A4B856EC_ADDE_5E72_41D7_46F7B664E90D.label = Condenser: cold water run panorama_A4B86200_ADDE_51B2_41D2_7BA72A855AC7.label = Hilda: Connecting rod panorama_A4B881D3_ADDB_D256_41DB_5786B7D24CDB.label = Back Yard panorama_A4B88530_ADDE_53D3_41CC_293B82605C2B.label = Undercroft repair shop panorama_A4B89035_ADDE_D1D2_41CD_FB9236D8409B.label = Main steam control panorama_A4B89101_ADDE_73B2_41CD_19EA7F225641.label = Condenser panorama_A4B895F2_ADDB_F256_41E4_8B9D34524A7D.label = Engine House: door panorama_A4B89641_ADDE_B1B2_41D8_4F280ACC437B.label = Hilda panorama_A4B8982F_ADDE_D1CE_41AB_E2B193AFD181.label = Flywheel pit: Underneath panorama_A4B8B226_ADDE_B1FE_41E2_240708A08C5D.label = Flywheel pit: door to condenser panorama_A4B8B412_ADDE_F1D6_41D3_1EA12AFAF76B.label = Flywheel and governor: detail panorama_A4B8BE71_ADDA_4E52_41DC_CD6533F50EDB.label = Front Yard: Boardroom 1 panorama_A4B8C102_ADDB_D3B6_41D6_FE259BF120A5.label = Side Yard: Incoming Loading bay: Yarn panorama_A4B8C469_ADDA_B272_41E0_A7972B7B10B0.label = Boilerhouse Lean-to workshop: Exit panorama_A4B8C7DE_ADDB_BE4E_41A9_EFF9056F0812.label = Side Yard: Incoming Loading 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The condenser is one of the tricks the designers used to reclaim energy and make the power plant as efficient as possible. Above you is Alice, the low pressure cylinder; when the steam has pushed Alice's piston to drive the flywheel round, it's pushed out as the piston returns. Any resistance on the piston as it does this would slow down the engine so the designers made sure that the steam would practically suck itself out the piston, by using a condenser; it cools the steam, which turns into water. This makes the pressure drop significantly. Presto! No resistance. In fact, the effect is so pronounced that another couple of pistons can be driven by it to help pull Alice's piston back. You can see them in front of you here; the condenser is behind them.
The final trick is to send the hot condensed water back to the boilers, via the economiser, so that once the power plant is running, it keeps as much hot water as possible, only topping up the boiler with fresh, cold water to replace what it has lost, through small leaks.
For another view on the condenser, take a look at this video, which illustrates a similar power plant at Queen Street Mill in Burnley, UK.
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Welcome to the Engine House.
This where you'll find the 500hp S.S. Stott Cross-compound condensing engine, first installed in 1907 and providing power to the whole factory until 1979.
To your right is Hilda, the high-pressure cylinder. This accepts the steam from the boiler house next door. Its high pressure pushes a piston to drive the right-hand side of the enormous flywheel in the centre.
To your left is Alice, the low-pressure cylinder. This accepts the exhaust steam from Hilda. Its pressure is still high; capable of pushing a piston to drive the left-hand side of the flywheel.
Finally, the exhaust steam from Alice is sent to the condenser, where it is cooled, and becomes water once again. The cycle completes when the still-hot water is pumped back to the boilers; nothing is wasted!
The flywheel weighs 20 tonnes and drives 15 heavy ropes, made from Egyption cotton, to the end of the engine house, where a second wheel drives the main drive shaft out to the looms in the weaving sheds.
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The general office was ideally situated to monitor all the comings and goings of people and goods through the mill. Evidence points towards it presiding over a thriving community, where it wasn't unusual for someone - directors included - to spend the entirety of their working life.
The photos here give an insight into the office and it's place at the top of the mill heirarchy; the arrangement of the company directors; the pocket watch marking 50 years as director; the tone of the order for 6 miles of material - 'quickly, please'.
The desk calendar advertises 'we deliver The Goods' and notes '1107 Looms' and 'Canteen Facilities',
along with a list of the quality fabrics manufactured, from both cotton and Rayon:
Organdies - Fine cotton muslin
Muslins – Thin open weave cotton cloth
Lawns – Fine plain weave high count cloth
Cambrics – Light smooth plain cotton for bleaching or printing
Limbrics – Fine warp coarse, lustrous weft of high pick density.
Poplins – Tight plain weave with weft producing a fine rib.
Printers – Plain, twill or dobby weaves, in gray or ecru (natural) or bleached yarns to receive printed pattern designs.
Finally, here's the text from the newspaper article c. 1928, extolling the mill and its successes:
"The Grane Manufacturing Company ran Heap Clough mill at Grane until that was the last mill at Grane to be closed by the Bury and District Joint Water Board.
The lease of Heap Clough terminated in April 1907, but as the Longshoot mill, which was erected by the company. was not then quite ready, the Water Board allowed the company to continue to run Heap CIough mill for two months longer.
The engines at the new mill were christened in July by Miss
Parkinson, who later became the wife of Mr. Harry Taylor, the manager.
Heap Clough mill had 500 looms. Longshoot mill started with 400, which number was brought up to 764 soon after. In 1913 there was an extension that brought the number up to 1107 and the operatives decorated for that occasion.
The mill has been very successful and has been able to attract and retain the best weavers and other cotton operatives of the town. Even during the present long-continued depression. it has lost very little time. Since the death of Mr. Harry Taylor, Mr. W. H. Kirby has been manager.
Mr. George H. Hindle is chairman of the directors. Mr. J. Greenwood inside manager and Mr. Frank Mine secretary. Mr. Kindle and Mr. Greenwood have been directors from the time of the Heap Glough mill.
Mr. Kirby was a director that time back and is a director now, but he has not been on the board continuously."
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This is Grane Mill's last remaining weaving shed. It incorporated the warehouse. The roller shutters hide the despatch bay, from where the finished fabrics would be loaded for distribution.
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This is the brick flue which takes the boiler exhaust gasses leaving the economiser to the chimney.
The damper is the big fin you can see in front of you. When it's turned, it blocks the exit, and 'damps' the furnaces, meaning that they cool - very slightly - and less steam is produced.
Grane Mill is situated in a valley; when the weather is cold, the chimney is less efficent. This part of the flue also housed a fan driven by the economiser's engine which was used to artificially draw gas through the furnaces and help get them started when they were cold.
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The Economiser is where water on its way to top-up the boiler is heated by the boiler's waste flue gasses.
In the picture below, the hot gasses are passing through from left-to-right.
The water flows though lots of tubes, through the hot gas stream and into the the boiler.
The hot gasses are full of soot, and this will stick to the pipes, stopping the transfer of heat. Each pipe has a scraper, which is driven up and down, it on a chain.
The soot collects in a pit at the bottom of the econmiser, to be be taken away.
The scapers were driven by their own small steam engine, which was also used to drive the fan at the bottom of the chimney.
You can find more information about the workings of an economiser, by watching this video of a similar power plant, at Queen Street Mill, in Burnley.
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Hello!
Welcome to Grane Mill, Haslingden - a site protected by Heritage Trust for the North West.
You can tour this site by following the arrows, and using the maps. Watch the videos as we walk around, talking to mill custodian - and expert on all things weaving - Anthony Pilling.
Grane Mill was once a huge site, producing textiles from 1907 until its closure in 1979.
The mill had its origins in Grane Valley - probably as an early water powered spinning mill. Thread would at first have been taken out to weavers in the local farmsteads, before being woven in the mill itself. In the late 19th century the valley was taken over by the Grane Reservoir system; farms were cleared, houses abandoned, and even the church was moved, before all was flooded. With the help of compensation, the mill was re-built here at Longshoot, where there was enough flat land for a huge weaving shed - spinning by this time being a separate industry.
The heart of the mill is its power plant. It's a 500 horse power horizontal cross compound engine.
It was built by S. S. Stott, whose works were - and still are - just across the road, now known as 'Valmet’.
The engine is huge, and requires a large building to accomodate it and the two Lancashire boilers providing its steam. It represents the very best in Edwardian steam technology and benefits from a number of innovations.
After its closure, the mill slowly degraded. One of the weaving sheds was demolished at the beginning of the twenty-first century, to make way for a small housing development but the engine and other parts of the site have been given protection as a Scheduled Monument. The remainder of the site was added to Buildings at Risk Register in 2004.
Unusually for a mill engine, it wasn't broken up when the mill closed but was preserved by Gordon Briggs. Since 1997, Dave Arnfield and a small team of volunters have painstakingly worked on its restoration. Their aim is to unite the engine with the remaining weaving shed and restored Manager's office as an illustration of Lancashire's engineering heritage - and to create training facilities for engineers and craftsmen, retaining this unique complex for the benefit of Rossendale, Lancashire and, hopefully, further afield.
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Welcome to the boiler house - the gigantic, infernal, noisy, dirty heart of the power plant.
Here you'll find the two enormous Lancashire boilers, made by the company Yates and Thom of Blackburn. The first one, at the far end, was installed, in 1907, giving the power plant about 350 horse-power. The second one came in 1912, as part of an upgrade to deliver 500 horse-power; enough for over 1000 looms to be driven.
The boilers make the first stage in the delivery of power to the mill; coal comes in through the big doors on the left, is fed to the boiler furnaces and leaves as ash through the door you just came through.
The furnaces generate vast amounts of heat from the coal, and the boilers use this to make steam at high pressure. This is fed directly to the engine house.
The Edwardian designers tried to squeeze every ounce of energy they could from the coal, and this included keeping as much energy as possible in the system. As you tour the mill, you'll find there are lots tricks and compromises they made to try to do this.
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Many parts for the mill can still be sourced from enthusiasts. Those that can't must be made somehow. Some can be made on-site. Anthony is using a Lang lathe here; one of the essential tools in part construction. It was refurbished in 2018.
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Our boilers are 30ft (9m) long, and 6ft (1.8m) in diameter.
Essentially, they are huge tanks, mostly filled with water. Coal is fed in at the front and burns on a grate in a furnace. Ash falls down, and is taken away from the door below. Hot gases from the burning coal whoosh over the firewall at the back of the furnace and into the firetube, that runs through the inside of the tank, to the back, though the water. That's the first pass. The flue then leads underneath the boiler tank, back to the front for the second pass, and then along the sides of the tank, held in by the brick wall to an exhaust at the back, for the third pass.
This boils the water with incredible efficiency, and the steam it makes fills the rest of the space at the top of the tank. The pressure builds, and is released by a valve at the top, to an insulated pipe which takes the steam to the engine house.
You can find out more about the operation of the boiler, by watching this video of a similar power plant, at Queen Street Mill, in Burnley.
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Underneath this cover is a loom!
It's constructed from two badly damaged ones; one main frame rail - broken into 7 pieces - had to be welded together again. We now have a right hand and a left hand pair of 1880s Willan and Mills looms from the original Grane Manufacturing Co. Mill at Grane. They were already 20 years old when moved to weave in the present Grane Mill at Longshoots in 1907.
Here's Josh, working the loom by hand.
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